1. Next.js & Serverless Optimization

Pingdo is built on Next.js, utilizing its hybrid rendering capabilities. While the UI and state management are handled client-side for zero-latency interaction, the application leverages serverless deployment for network stability markers and SEO-optimized content delivery.

How does ICMP differ from HTTP? Navigating Browser Constraints

Standard networking tools use ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) at Layer 3 of the OSI model. However, web browsers restrict raw socket access for security. Pingdo navigates this by using high-frequency HTTP HEAD requests at Layer 7, providing superior Layer 7 diagnostics.

Bufferbloat & Queuing Dynamics

Narrative: High ingress traffic saturating the egress buffer.

PACKET LOSS: 0

QUEUE DEPTH: 0 / 15

INGRESS (TRAFFIC)

BUFFER

EGRESS (NETWORK ADAPTER)

Ingress Intensity (Load)10% Capacity

Engineering Insight: When ingress traffic consistently exceeds the egress processing rate, the buffer builds up. This increases the total latency ($L_{total} = L_{prop} + L_{trans} + L_{proc} + L_{queue}$). Once the buffer is full, Tail Drop occurs, leading to packet loss.

While ICMP is "purer", HTTP pinging provides a more accurate representation of Application Layer Performance and network stability. It captures the overhead of TCP handshakes and TLS negotiation—the very factors that affect your actual web browsing experience.

How do we achieve Real-Time Data Visualization?

Data without context is noise. Pingdo implements a dynamic SVG-based visualization engine for network stability monitoring. As packets return, they are pushed into a circular buffer that feeds the live chart.

• Moving Average: We use a sliding window to smooth out micro-spikes caused by local machine processing jitter.
• Standard Deviation: Our statistical engine calculates the variance to present a true Jitter reading.